Coupling analysis of the major impact on sustainable development of the typical arid region of Turpan in Northwest China

doi:10.1016/j.regsus.2020.08.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Analyzing the sustainable development of a given region can provide an important reference and guide for future orientation. The study selects Turpan (including Gaochang District, Shanshan County, and Toksun County) in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of Northwest China as the study area and first investigates the essence of regional sustainable development. Based on the relevant data of the population, economy, and environment of Turpan from 2002 to 2018, we constructed an evaluation index system for three dimensions, namely, the population, economy, and environment, and analyzed them systematically. Specifically, we quantitatively calculated the comprehensive evaluation index, coupling degree, and coupling coordination degree of the sustainable development system of the study area. The study finds that Turpan has on some dimensions become increasingly sustainable, especially the economic development level has improved. The results show that the coupling coordination degree has increased from 0.3692 to 0.8894 during the period 2002-2018, which reflects the actual situation of Turpan and indicates that the proposed analysis method can effectively measure and evaluate the level of sustainable development in this region. Moreover, the study also puts forward main functional zoning of Turpan (i.e., Gaochang District as an optimized development zone, Shanshan County as a major agricultural production zone, and Toksun County as a key ecological function zone) and regional planning principles based on the population, economic, and environmental coupling analysis for the three jurisdictions in Turpan.

Key words: Sustainable development, Coupling analysis, Coupling coordination degree, Comprehensive evaluation index, Turpan

Lingxiao Sun, Xiang Yu, Boshan Li, Haiyan Zhang, Dong Sha, Yao Wang, Jiaqiang Lei, Yang Yu, Martin Welp, Ruide Yu. Coupling analysis of the major impact on sustainable development of the typical arid region of Turpan in Northwest China[J]. Regional Sustainability, 2020, 1(1): 48-58.

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	Requisite
Systematized characteristics	Multidisciplinary integration of economics, sociology, technology, and geography; multi-departmental coordination for the promotion of a complementary governance system.
Hierarchical characteristics	Goal orientation and strategic positioning for different levels.
Regional characteristics	Excavation of local values, such as cultural heritage; cultivation of diverse local industrial structures; scientific formulation of strategies and paths.

Target grade	First-grade index	Second-grade index	Index property	Entropy weight
Turpan’s sustainable development	Population subsystem	Natural population growth rate (%)	-	0.1416
		Urban population percentage (%)	+	0.1743
		Unemployment rate (%)	-	0.0734
		Number of students per 10,000 people	+	0.2762
		Number of beds in health care institutions per 10,000 people	-	0.1425
	Economic subsystem	Disposable income of urban residents (CNY)	+	0.1280
		Per capita GDP (CNY)	+	0.1920
		Per capita annual net income of farmers (CNY)	+	0.1338
		Total fixed assets investment (10⁴ CNY)	+	0.1584
		Social consumer goods sales (10⁴ CNY)	+	0.1280
		Local fiscal revenue (10⁴ CNY)	+	0.1152
		Tertiary industry percentage in GDP (%)	+	0.2566
		Secondary industry percentage in GDP (%)	+	0.0080
	Environmental subsystem	Green coverage rate (%)	+	0.1601
		Sewage treatment rate (%)	+	0.3000
		Industrial waste gas emission (10⁸ m³ yr^-1)	-	0.0825
		Comprehensive utilization rate of industrial solid waste (%)	+	0.2886
		Per capita water resources (m³ per person)	+	0.1688

Coupling degree value	Coupling coordination level	Coupling coordination degree
0.0000-0.0999	Level 1	Extreme imbalance
0.1000-0.1999	Level 2	Serious imbalance
0.2000-0.2999	Level 3	Moderate imbalance
0.3000-0.3999	Level 4	Mild imbalance
0.4000-0.4999	Level 5	Near imbalance
0.5000-0.5999	Level 6	Reluctant coordination
0.6000-0.6999	Level 7	Primary coordination
0.7000-0.7999	Level 8	Intermediate coordination
0.8000-0.8999	Level 9	Good coordination
0.9000-1.0000	Level 10	Quality coordination

Year	f(x)	g(y)	h(z)	C	T	D	Coupling coordination degree
2002	0.2732	0.0817	0.1641	0.8910	0.1530	0.3692	Mild imbalance
2003	0.2955	0.0876	0.1518	0.8850	0.1549	0.3702	Mild imbalance
2004	0.3109	0.1421	0.1617	0.9399	0.1837	0.4155	Near imbalance
2005	0.3457	0.1418	0.2090	0.9355	0.2095	0.4427	Near imbalance
2006	0.5831	0.1431	0.2832	0.8529	0.2871	0.4949	Near imbalance
2007	0.4446	0.1676	0.2341	0.9193	0.2496	0.4790	Near imbalance
2008	0.5856	0.1941	0.2811	0.8974	0.3072	0.5251	Near imbalance
2009	0.5050	0.3406	0.3400	0.9822	0.3732	0.6055	Reluctant coordination
2010	0.5175	0.2513	0.2278	0.9314	0.2951	0.5243	Near imbalance
2011	0.4631	0.2933	0.2481	0.9647	0.3092	0.5461	Near imbalance
2012	0.4983	0.3665	0.2146	0.9441	0.3321	0.5599	Reluctant coordination
2013	0.4585	0.4654	0.2694	0.9703	0.3856	0.6117	Reluctant coordination
2014	0.6488	0.5555	0.1782	0.8690	0.4232	0.6065	Reluctant coordination
2015	0.5137	0.6701	0.5907	0.9941	0.6071	0.7769	Intermediate coordination
2016	0.5426	0.7697	0.8464	0.9826	0.7550	0.8613	Good coordination
2017	0.5034	0.8885	0.7939	0.9719	0.7736	0.8671	Good coordination
2018	0.5932	0.8445	0.8650	0.9859	0.8024	0.8894	Good coordination