Regional Sustainability ›› 2024, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (1): 100111.doi: 10.1016/j.regsus.2024.03.005
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Received:
2023-03-18
Accepted:
2024-02-28
Published:
2024-03-30
Online:
2024-04-30
Contact:
E-mail address: Walid CHOUARI. Assessment of vegetation cover changes and the contributing factors in the Al-Ahsa Oasis using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)[J]. Regional Sustainability, 2024, 5(1): 100111.
Table 2
Information of acquired Landsat satellite images."
Satellite | Sensor | Date of acquisition | Path/Row | Spatial resolution (m) | Data source |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Landsat-5 | Thematic Mapper (TM) | 7 July 1987 | 164/042 | 30 | United States Geological Survey ( |
Landsat-7 | TM | 16 July 2002 | 164/042 | 30 | |
Landsat-8 | Operational Land Imager (OLI) | 20 July 2021 | 164/042 | 30 |
Table 3
Area and percentage of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) classes in the Al-Ahsa Oasis."
NDVI class | 1987 | 2002 | 2021 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Area (km2) | Percentage (%) | Area (km2) | Percentage (%) | Area (km2) | Percentage (%) | |
−1.00-0.00 | 5.13 | 0.19 | 8.03 | 0.30 | 1.31 | 0.05 |
0.00-0.10 | 2493.90 | 93.27 | 2300.99 | 86.05 | 808.68 | 30.25 |
0.10-0.20 | 69.79 | 2.61 | 75.16 | 2.81 | 1691.12 | 63.25 |
0.20-0.30 | 51.21 | 1.92 | 57.29 | 2.14 | 76.39 | 2.86 |
0.30-0.40 | 47.17 | 1.76 | 41.41 | 1.55 | 52.25 | 1.95 |
0.40-0.50 | 5.59 | 0.21 | 3.83 | 0.15 | 9.68 | 0.36 |
0.50-0.60 | 1.12 | 0.04 | 93.60 | 3.50 | 2.98 | 0.11 |
0.60-0.70 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 93.60 | 3.50 | 30.60 | 1.14 |
0.70-0.80 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.90 | 0.03 |
Total | 2673.91 | 100.00 | 2673.91 | 100.00 | 2673.91 | 100.00 |
Table 4
Changes of NDVI classes in the Al-Ahsa Oasis in 1987-2002 and 2002-2021."
NDVI class | 1987-2002 | 2002-2021 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
Area (km2) | Percentage (%) | Area (km2) | Percentage (%) | |
< -0.30 | 1.49 | 0.06 | 1.10 | 0.04 |
-0.30- -0.10 | 18.67 | 0.70 | 17.06 | 0.64 |
-0.10-0.10 | 2624.04 | 98.13 | 2631.78 | 98.42 |
0.10-0.30 | 27.45 | 1.03 | 22.93 | 0.86 |
>0.30 | 2.26 | 0.08 | 1.04 | 0.04 |
Table 6
Evaluation of the accuracy of satellite image processing in the Al-Ahsa Oasis in 1987, 2002, and 2021."
NDVI class | Producer’s accuracy (%) | User’s accuracy (%) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1987 | 2002 | 2021 | 1987 | 2002 | 2021 | |
< -0.30 | 90.10 | 91.40 | 92.50 | 88.90 | 90.10 | 92.70 |
-0.30- -0.10 | 90.30 | 91.80 | 92.90 | 88.90 | 90.30 | 92.90 |
-0.10-0.10 | 92.10 | 92.70 | 93.90 | 89.60 | 91.20 | 93.00 |
0.10-0.30 | 92.60 | 93.10 | 94.70 | 90.10 | 92.30 | 93.70 |
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