Evolution of economic linkage network of the cities and counties on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, China

doi:10.1016/j.regsus.2023.05.002

Abstract

Abstract:

The exchanges between cities and counties in the northern slope economic belt of Tianshan Mountains (NSEBTM) are increasingly frequent and the economic linkages are increasingly close, but the spatial distribution of economic development and linkages among the cities and counties within NSEBTM is uneven. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the evolution of spatial-temporal pattern of the economic linkage network of cities and counties on NSEBTM to promote the coordinated and integrated development of the regional economy on NSEBTM. In this study, we used the modified gravity model and social network analysis method to analyze the spatio-temporal evolution characteristics of the economic linkage network structure of cities and counties on NSEBTM in 2000, 2010, and 2020. The results showed that the comprehensive development quality level of cities and counties on NSEBTM increased from 2000 to 2020, its growth rate also increased, and its gap between cities and counties continued expanding. Both the spatial distribution patterns of the comprehensive development quality level of cities and counties on NSEBTM in 2000 and 2010 were presented as “high in the middle and low at both ends”, while the spatial distribution pattern of 2020 was exhibited as “high value and low value staggered”. The total amount of external economic linkages of cities and counties on NSEBTM showed an obvious upward trend, and its gap between cities and counties continued expanding, presenting a pattern of “a strong middle section and weak ends”. The direction of economic linkages of NSEBTM existed obvious central orientation and geographical proximity. The density of economic linkage network of NSEBTM increased from 2000 to 2020, and the structure of economic linkage network changed from single-core structure centered with Urumqi City to multicore structure centered with Urumqi City, Karamay City, Shihezi City, and Changji City, shifting from unbalanced development to balanced development. In the future, we should accelerate the construction of urban agglomeration on NSEBTM, cultivate a modern Urumqi metropolitan area, improve comprehensive development quality of the cities and counties at the eastern and western ends, strengthen the intensity of economic linkages between cities and counties, optimize the economic linkage network, and promote the coordinated and integrated development of regional economy.

Key words: Entropy method, Economic linkages, Gravity model, Network structure, Social network analysis, Northern slope economic belt of Tianshan Mountains China

YANG Zeyu, ZHANG Shubao, LEI Jun, ZHANG Xiaolei, TONG Yanjun, DUAN Zuliang, FAN Liqin. Evolution of economic linkage network of the cities and counties on the northern slope of the Tianshan Mountains, China[J]. Regional Sustainability, 2023, 4(2): 173-184.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1.

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Fig. 2.

Table 4

Fig. 3.

Fig. 4.

Table 5

Network centrality of economic linkage network on NSEBTM in 2000, 2010, and 2020."

Region	Degree centrality (%)			Closeness centrality (%)			Betweenness centrality (%)
Region	2000	2010	2020	2000	2010	2020	2000	2010	2020
Urumqi City	64.00	100.00	100.00	10.00	100.00	100.00	39.00	85.11	25.84
Karamay City	4.00	44.00	96.15	9.43	64.10	96.30	0.00	4.94	19.23
Shihezi City	8.00	32.00	76.92	9.47	59.52	81.25	0.00	0.94	8.60
Gaochang District	4.00	8.00	26.92	9.43	52.08	57.78	0.00	0.00	0.19
Shanshan County	4.00	4.00	23.08	9.43	51.02	56.52	0.00	0.00	0.05
Toksun County	4.00	8.00	19.23	9.43	52.08	55.32	0.00	0.00	0.00
Yizhou District	4.00	4.00	26.92	9.43	51.02	57.78	0.00	0.00	0.89
Barkol Kazak Autonomous County	0.00	4.00	7.69	-	51.02	52.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Yiwu County	0.00	4.00	19.23	-	51.02	55.32	0.00	0.00	0.05
Changji City	8.00	28.00	76.92	9.47	58.14	81.25	0.00	1.08	8.82
Fukang City	4.00	8.00	26.92	9.43	52.08	57.78	0.00	0.00	0.12
Hutubi County	8.00	16.00	30.77	9.47	54.35	59.09	0.00	0.00	0.19
Manas County	8.00	16.00	30.77	9.47	54.35	59.09	0.00	0.00	0.04
Qitai County	4.00	4.00	26.92	9.43	51.02	57.78	0.00	0.00	0.12
Jimsar County	4.00	4.00	26.92	9.43	51.02	57.78	0.00	0.00	0.12
Mori Kazak Autonomous County	4.00	4.00	19.23	9.43	51.02	55.32	0.00	0.00	0.00
Kuytun City	8.00	24.00	42.31	9.47	56.82	63.42	0.00	0.25	0.69
Tacheng City	0.00	8.00	30.77	-	52.08	59.09	0.00	0.00	0.34
Usu City	8.00	16.00	30.77	9.47	54.35	59.09	0.00	0.00	0.04
Emin County	0.00	8.00	26.92	-	52.08	57.78	0.00	0.00	0.12
Shawan City	4.00	16.00	34.62	9.43	54.35	60.47	0.00	0.00	0.14
Toli County	0.00	8.00	23.08	-	52.08	56.52	0.00	0.00	0.00
Yumin County	0.00	4.00	23.08	-	51.02	56.52	0.00	0.00	0.00
Bole City	0.00	4.00	30.77	-	51.02	59.09	0.00	0.00	0.36
Jinghe County	0.00	4.00	23.08	-	51.02	56.52	0.00	0.00	0.00
Wenquan County	0.00	4.00	15.39	-	51.02	54.17	0.00	0.00	0.00
Alashankou City	-	-	53.85	-	-	68.42	-	-	3.27
Average	5.85	14.77	35.90	6.20	54.99	62.65	1.50	3.55	2.56

Table 5

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Dimension	Indicator	Unit	Data source
Economic development	GDP	×10⁸ CNY	Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2001, 2011, 2021)
	Per capita GDP	CNY	Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2001, 2011, 2021)
	Proportion of non-agricultural industry output value	%	Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2001, 2011, 2021)
	Total retail sales of consumer goods	×10⁵ CNY	Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2001, 2011, 2021)
	Advanced industrial structure	%	Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2001, 2011, 2021)
Social development	General public budget revenue and expenditure	×10⁵ CNY	National Bureau of Statistics (2001, 2011, 2021)
	Number of students in primary and secondary schools		National Bureau of Statistics (2001, 2011, 2021)
	Number of beds in health institutions		National Bureau of Statistics (2001, 2011, 2021)
	Household savings deposit balance	×10⁵ CNY	National Bureau of Statistics (2001, 2011, 2021)
Population	Number of permanent residents		Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (2001, 2011, 2021)

Indicator	Weight	Indicator direction
GDP	0.12	+
Per capita GDP per capita	0.06	+
Proportion of nonagricultural industry output value	0.01	+
Total retail sales of consumer goods	0.17	+
Advanced industrial structure	0.03	+
General public budget revenue and expenditure	0.11	+
Number of students in primary and secondary schools	0.07	+
Number of beds in health institutions	0.13	+
Household savings deposit balance	0.22	+
Number of permanent residents	0.08	+

Statistics	Comprehensive quality development level
Statistics	2000	2010	2020
Average value	3.34	5.44	10.09
Statistical extreme value	21.15	44.85	90.55
Coefficient of variation	1.18	1.56	1.66

Statistics	Total amount of external economic linkages
Statistics	2000	2010	2020
Sum	16.05	46.12	158.23
Average value	0.62	1.77	5.86
Statistical extreme value	7.57	24.64	88.96
Standard deviation	1.42	4.68	16.56
Coefficient of variation	2.30	2.64	2.83