Regional Sustainability ›› 2024, Vol. 5 ›› Issue (3): 100158.doi: 10.1016/j.regsus.2024.100158cstr: 32279.14.j.regsus.2024.100158
• Full Length Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Received:
2023-11-06
Revised:
2024-04-28
Accepted:
2024-08-21
Published:
2024-09-30
Online:
2024-09-25
Contact:
GONG Qunxi
E-mail:gongqunxi@cqjtu.edu.cn
GONG Qunxi. Green transformation paths of resource-based cities in China from the configuration perspective[J]. Regional Sustainability, 2024, 5(3): 100158.
Table 1
Details of the selected 113 resource-based cities (RBCs) in China."
Region | Number of cities | City |
---|---|---|
Eastern region | 19 | Zhangjiakou, Chengde, Tangshan, Xingtai, Handan, Xuzhou, Suqian, Huzhou, Nanping, Sanming, Longyan, Dongying, Zibo, Linyi, Zaozhuang, Jining, Tai’an, Shaoguan, and Yunfu cities |
Central region | 37 | Datong, Shuozhou, Yangquan, Changzhi, Jincheng, Xinzhou, Jinzhong, Linfen, Yuncheng, Lvliang, Suzhou, Huaibei, Bozhou, Huainan, Chuzhou, Ma’anshan, Tongling, Chizhou, Xuancheng, Jingdezhen, Xinyu, Pingxiang, Ganzhou, Yichun, Sanmenxia, Luoyang, Jiaozuo, Hebi, Puyang, Pingdingshan, Nanyang, Ezhou, Huangshi, Hengyang, Chenzhou, Shaoyang, and Loudi cities |
Western region | 38 | Baotou, Wuhai, Chifeng, Hulun Buir, Ordos, Baise, Hechi, Hezhou, Guangyuan, Nanchong, Guang’an, Zigong, Luzhou, Panzhihua, Dazhou, Ya’an, Liupanshui, Bijie, Anshun, Qujing, Baoshan, Zhaotong, Lijiang, Lincang, Yan’an, Tongchuan, Weinan, Xianyang, Baoji, Yulin, Baiyin, Wuwei, Zhangye, Qingyang, Pingliang, Longnan, Shizuishan, and Karamay cities |
Northeastern region | 19 | Fuxin, Fushun, Benxi, Anshan, Panjin, Huludao, Songyuan, Jilin, Liaoyuan, Tonghua, Baishan, Heihe, Daqing, Yichun, Hegang, Shuangyashan, Qitaihe, Jixi, and Mudanjiang cities. |
Table 2
Descriptive statistics and variable calibration points."
Year | Variable | Mean | Standard deviation | Max | Min | Full membership | Cross-over point | Full nonmembership |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2013 | GTE | 0.6668 | 0.2562 | 1.5008 | 0.3429 | 1.0000 | 0.5849 | 0.4775 |
EE | 44,310 | 38,660 | 256,877 | 8816 | 52,515 | 31,183 | 23,129 | |
TI | 0.1633 | 0.1468 | 0.8608 | 0.0055 | 0.1854 | 0.1214 | 0.0725 | |
GS | 0.2928 | 0.1489 | 0.9760 | 0.0001 | 0.3627 | 0.2619 | 0.1840 | |
ME | 0.3738 | 0.1162 | 0.6684 | 0.1158 | 0.4436 | 0.3779 | 0.2866 | |
IS | 0.6602 | 0.1670 | 0.9944 | 0.1511 | 0.7973 | 0.6665 | 0.5226 | |
ES | 0.3966 | 0.0992 | 0.7153 | 0.1019 | 0.4537 | 0.4063 | 0.3377 | |
URS | 0.5517 | 0.1574 | 0.9758 | 0.1228 | 0.6649 | 0.5639 | 0.4736 | |
2016 | GTE | 0.6757 | 0.2930 | 1.5166 | 0.2599 | 1.0000 | 0.5536 | 0.4417 |
EE | 47,034 | 29,906 | 215,488 | 13,805 | 56,410 | 40,059 | 27,102 | |
TI | 0.1239 | 0.1480 | 0.5926 | 0.0018 | 0.1471 | 0.0629 | 0.0224 | |
GS | 0.3187 | 0.1506 | 1.0001 | 0.0540 | 0.4049 | 0.2937 | 0.2106 | |
ME | 0.3640 | 0.1186 | 0.6922 | 0.1001 | 0.4277 | 0.3754 | 0.2861 | |
IS | 0.6348 | 0.1785 | 0.9771 | 0.1948 | 0.7774 | 0.6473 | 0.5019 | |
ES | 0.4140 | 0.1007 | 0.6337 | 0.1458 | 0.4761 | 0.4146 | 0.3621 | |
URS | 0.4591 | 0.1644 | 0.9164 | 0.0601 | 0.5691 | 0.4684 | 0.3489 | |
2019 | GTE | 0.8290 | 0.2179 | 1.2834 | 0.4256 | 1.0000 | 0.7733 | 0.6360 |
EE | 52,531 | 28,722 | 188,857 | 16,868 | 59,552 | 43,213 | 34,481 | |
TI | 0.1374 | 0.1543 | 0.6108 | 0.0024 | 0.1748 | 0.0721 | 0.0259 | |
GS | 0.3166 | 0.1493 | 0.9303 | 0.0254 | 0.3945 | 0.3152 | 0.2029 | |
ME | 0.3191 | 0.1021 | 0.6317 | 0.0775 | 0.3702 | 0.3156 | 0.2626 | |
IS | 0.6195 | 0.1746 | 0.9783 | 0.2097 | 0.7686 | 0.6163 | 0.4928 | |
ES | 0.4370 | 0.0919 | 0.7250 | 0.0795 | 0.4903 | 0.4330 | 0.3944 | |
URS | 0.4305 | 0.1676 | 0.9189 | 0.0361 | 0.5425 | 0.4408 | 0.3191 |
Table 3
Results of necessary conditions analysis."
Condition | Consistency | Coverage | Condition | Consistency | Coverage |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
EE | 0.5322 | 0.5701 | ~ME | 0.5906 | 0.6193 |
~EE | 0.5437 | 0.5549 | IS | 0.5262 | 0.5491 |
TI | 0.5157 | 0.5546 | ~IS | 0.5621 | 0.5887 |
~TI | 0.5676 | 0.5771 | ES | 0.5044 | 0.5309 |
GS | 0.5073 | 0.5222 | ~ES | 0.5852 | 0.6075 |
~GS | 0.5584 | 0.5928 | URS | 0.5215 | 0.5447 |
ME | 0.4937 | 0.5145 | ~URS | 0.5589 | 0.5847 |
Table 4
Conditional configuration analysis of green transformation."
Variable | Configuration | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2a | 2b | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||
System environment | EE | ● | ● | $\otimes$ | ||||
TI | ● | ● | ● | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | |||
GS | - | ● | ● | $\otimes$ | ||||
ME | - | ● | ● | $\otimes$ | ||||
System structure | IS | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | ● |
ES | - | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | ● | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | ||
URS | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | $\otimes$ | ● | ● | ● | ||
Consistency | 0.8159 | 0.9157 | 0.8881 | 0.8433 | 0.8100 | 0.8220 | 0.8956 | |
Raw coverage | 0.0818 | 0.0975 | 0.1021 | 0.0428 | 0.0713 | 0.0571 | 0.0726 | |
Unique coverage | 0.0252 | 0.0154 | 0.0215 | 0.0266 | 0.0398 | 0.0422 | 0.0562 | |
Overall solution consistency | 0.8870 | |||||||
Overall solution coverage | 0.3322 |
Fig. 2.
Alternative relationship of condition combinations. (a), alternative relationships for configurations 1, 3, and 6; (b), alternative relationships for configurations 4 and 5; (c), alternative relationships for configurations 4 and 6; (d), alternative relationships for configurations 5 and 6. USE, urban system environment; USS, urban system structure."
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