Towards a sustainable campus-city relationship: A systematic review of the literature
Received date: 2021-12-07
Revised date: 2022-03-05
Accepted date: 2022-03-28
Online published: 2022-05-13
The relationship between a university and its city is considered strategical to achieve university targeted ambitions and visions. The university-city relationship is also encouraged for the benefit of the city, as universities unleash their respective cities’ potentials to act as driving forces not only for their local communities, but also for the whole nation. Therefore, maintaining a mutual relationship between the university and the city is considered essential to accomplish strategic goals for both. However, the nature of this relationship is quite complex, overlapped, interconnected, and diverse. Therefore, this paper conducted a systematic review of the literature on university-city and campus-city relationships to evaluate recent research trends to uncover the aspects that connect universities with their respective cities. The search included articles published in 4 different databases from January 1990 to January 2021. A total number of 50 articles were selected in this review. The findings uncovered different aspects that could help or hinder university-city relationship based on the physical and functional linkage between the campus and the city. Moreover, findings have shown that it is necessary to understand universities according to their contextual differences, as universities have shown different impacts on their respective cities in terms of their sizes and locations. Results have also shown that the impact of the physical connection between the university and the city goes far beyond campus’s accessibility as it deeply affects students’ social life as well. Therefore, decision makers, stakeholders, and university administrators need to co-design campus development process especially in the early stages to maximize the mutual benefits of campus-city relationship. The main conclusions of this paper address several perspectives and lessons for a more sustainable campus-city relationship.
Ahmed Mohammed Sayed MOHAMMED , Tetsuya UKAI , Michael HALL . Towards a sustainable campus-city relationship: A systematic review of the literature[J]. Regional Sustainability, 2022 , 3(1) : 53 -67 . DOI: 10.1016/j.regsus.2022.03.004
| [1] | Abdelaal M.S., Abdelaal D., 2019. Towards an innovative community:Rethinking the urban configuration of the university campus within new cities. In: Attia, S., Shafik, Z., Ibrahim, A., (eds.). New Cities and Community Extensions in Egypt and the Middle East:Visions and Challenges. Cham: Springer, 237-256. |
| [2] | Addie J.P.D., 2019. Urban(izing) university strategic planning:an analysis of London and New York City. Urban Aff. Rev. 55(6), 1612-1645. |
| [3] | Adhya A., 2009. Evaluating the campus-downtown relationship:the spatial configuration of four college towns in small metropolitan regions in the United States. In: Koch, D., Marcua, L, Steen, J., (eds.). Proceedings of the 7th International Space Syntax Symposium. Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 1-19. |
| [4] | Ahvenniemi H., Huovila A., Pinto-Seppä I., et al., 2017. What are the differences between sustainable and smart cities? Cities. 60(Part A), 234-245. |
| [5] | Alexander M., Massaro V.A., 2020. School deserts: Visualizing the death of the neighborhood school. Policy Futur. Educ. 18(6), 787-805. |
| [6] | Allinson J., 2006. Over-educated, over-exuberant and over here? The impact of students on cities. Plan. Pract. Res. 21(1), 79-94. |
| [7] | Aqli W., 2019. Space syntax analysis on level of security and privacy of road space. Case study: campus area of Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Int. J. Built Environ. Sci. Res. 3(1), 39-46. |
| [8] | Bakken M., 2012. The creative campus: campus design in Aalborg’s phased industrial port, based on new urbanism ideals. MSc Thesis. Stavanger: University of Stavanger. |
| [9] | Balducci A., Fedeli V., 2014. The university and the city. disP-Plan. Rev. 50(2), 48-64. |
| [10] | Baltzopoulos A., Broström A., 2013. Attractors of entrepreneurial activity: universities, regions and alumni entrepreneurs. Reg. Stud. 47(6), 934-949. |
| [11] | Bank L., Sibanda F., 2018. Universities as city-builders: the city-campus development opportunity in East London-Buffalo City, South Africa. Dev. South. Afr. 35(5), 701-715. |
| [12] | Bayulken B., Huisingh D., 2015. Are lessons from eco-towns helping planners make more effective progress in transforming cities into sustainable urban systems: a literature review (part 2 of 2). J. Clean. Prod. 109, 152-165. |
| [13] | Benneworth P., Charles D., Madanipour A., 2010. Building localized interactions between universities and cities through university spatial development. Eur. Plan. Stud. 18(10), 1611-1629. |
| [14] | Berkowitz R., Moore H., Astor R.A., et al., 2017. A Research synthesis of the associations between socioeconomic background, inequality, school climate, and academic achievement. Rev. Educ. Res. 87(2), 425-469. |
| [15] | Blumenberg E., Taylor B., Smart M., et al., 2012. What’s Youth Got to Do with It? Exploring the Travel Behavior of Teens and Young Adults. [2021-04-01]. https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9c14p6d5. |
| [16] | Bonal X., Zancajo A., Scandurra R., 2019. Residential segregation and school segregation of foreign students in Barcelona. Urban Stud. 56(15), 3251-3273. |
| [17] | Borsi K., Schulte C., 2018. Universities and the city: from islands of knowledge to districts of innovation. J. Archit. 23(7-8), 1143-1180. |
| [18] | Bott H., 2018. City and university-an architect’s notes on an intriguing spatial relationship. In: Meusburger, P., Heffernan, M., Suarsana, L., (eds.). Geographies of the University. Dordrecht: Springer, 375-437. |
| [19] | Brennan J., Cochrane A., 2019. Universities: in, of, and beyond their cities. Oxf. Rev. Educ. 45(2), 188-203. |
| [20] | Bunnell G., Lawson C.T., 2006. A public university as city planner and developer: experience in the “capital of good planning”. Plan. Pract. Res. 21(1), 25-43. |
| [21] | Cohen L.E., Felson M., 1979. Social change and crime rate trends: a routine activity approach. Am. Sociol. Rev. 44(4), 588-608. |
| [22] | Cundiff K., 2021. Colleges and community crime: an analysis of campus proximity and neighborhood crime rates. Crime Delinq. 67(3), 431-448. |
| [23] | Curvelo Magdaniel F.T.J., Den Heijer A.C., de Jonge H., 2018. The locations of innovation described through thirty-nine tech-campuses. Compet. Rev. Int. Bus. J. 28(1), 58-74. |
| [24] | Daggett J., Gutkowski R., 2003. University transportation survey: transportation in university communities. Transp. Res. Rec. J. Transp. Res. Board. 1835(1), 42-49. |
| [25] | Darko A., Chan A., Ameyaw E., et al., 2017. Examining issues influencing green building technologies adoption: The United States green building experts’ perspectives. Energy Build. 144, 320-332. |
| [26] | Den Heijer A.C., 2011. Managing the University Campus: Information to Support Real Estate Decisions. Delft: Eburon Academic Publishers, 33-53. |
| [27] | Den Heijer A.C., Curvelo Magdaniel F.T.J., 2012. The university campus as a knowledge city: exploring models and strategic choices. Int. J. Knowl. -Based Dev. 3(3), 283-304. |
| [28] | Den Heijer A.C., Curvelo Magdaniel F.T.J., 2018. Campus-city relations:past, present, and future. In: Meusburger, P., Heffernan, M., Suarsana, L., (eds.). Geographies of the University. Cham: Springer, 439-459. |
| [29] | Drucker J., Goldstein H., 2007. Assessing the regional economic development impacts of universities: a review of current approaches. Int. Reg. Sci. Rev. 30(1), 20-46. |
| [30] | Etminani-Ghasrodashti R., Paydar M., Hamidi S., 2018. University-related travel behavior: Young adults’ decision-making in Iran. Sust. Cities Soc. 43, 495-508. |
| [31] | Fassi D., 2020. Campuses and the city. In: Fassi, D., Landoni, P., Piredda, F., et al., (eds.). Universities as Drivers of Social Innovation. Cham: Springer, 15-27. |
| [32] | Fernández-Maldonado A.M., Romein A., 2008. A knowledge-based urban paradox:the case of Delft. In: Yigitcanlar, T., Velibeyoglu, K., Baum, S., (eds.). Knowledge-Based Urban Development:Planning and Applications in the Information Era. Hershey: IGI Global, 221-239. |
| [33] | Fox J.A., Hellman D.A., 1985. Location and other correlates of campus crime. J. Crim. Justice. 13(5), 429-444. |
| [34] | Frost S., Chopp R., Pozorski A.L., 2004. Advancing universities: the global city as guide for change. Tert. Educ. Manag. 10(1), 73-86. |
| [35] | Gohari S., Holsen T., 2016. Understanding the governance system in the campus development; the cases of Norwegian University of Life Sciences and Norwegian University of Science and Technology. Procedia Eng. 161, 2115-2120. |
| [36] | Haar S., 2011. The City as Campus:Urbanism and Higher Education in Chicago (1st ed.). Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 185-203. |
| [37] | Hajrasouliha A., 2017. Campus score: Measuring university campus qualities. Landsc. Urban Plan. 158, 166-176. |
| [38] | Hamlin D., 2021. Can a positive school climate promote student attendance? Evidence from New York City. Am. Educ. Res. J. 58(2), 315-342. |
| [39] | Harner J., Kinder F., 2013. Placelessness in a deregulated city: university village in Colorado Springs. Urban Geogr. 32(5), 730-755. |
| [40] | He B.J., Zhao D.X., Gou Z.H., 2020. Integration of low-carbon eco-city, green campus and green building in China. In: Gou, Z.H., (eds.). Green Building in Developing Countries. Policy, Strategy and Technology. Cham: Springer, 49-78. |
| [41] | Hebbert M., 2018. The campus and the city: a design revolution explained. J. Urban Des. 23(6), 883-897. |
| [42] | Hodson C.B., Sander H.A., 2017. Green urban landscapes and school-level academic performance. Landsc. Urban Plan. 160, 16-27. |
| [43] | Hopson L.M., Lee E., 2011. Mitigating the effect of family poverty on academic and behavioral outcomes: the role of school climate in middle and high school. Child. Youth Serv. Rev. 33(11), 2221-2229. |
| [44] | Höyssä M., 2014. The university and the city. Reg. Stud. 48(3), 562-563. |
| [45] | Hoyt L., 2010. A city-campus engagement theory from, and for, practice. Michigan Journal of Community Service Learning. 17(1), 75-88. |
| [46] | Kim T.W., Cha S., Kim Y., 2018. Space choice, rejection and satisfaction in university campus. Indoor Built Environ. 27(2), 233-243. |
| [47] | Kiraz Z., 2014. Investigating the university student’s problems faced in university life: a sample of Turkey. Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci. 116, 4905-4909. |
| [48] | Klein N.J., Smart M.J., 2017. Millennials and car ownership: less money, fewer cars. Transp. Policy. 53, 20-29. |
| [49] | Larkham P.J., 2000. Institutions and urban form: the example of universities. Urb. Morphol. 4(2), 63-77. |
| [50] | Li C., Wang Y., 2020. Capital advantages: could colleges and universities located in Beijing City win more national social science fund projects? Appl. Econ. 52(38), 4135-4145. |
| [51] | Lowe J.S., 2008. A participatory planning approach to enhancing a historically black university-community partnership: the case of the e-city initiative. Plan. Pract. Res. 23(4), 549-558. |
| [52] | Macintyre C., 2003. New models of student housing and their impact on local communities. J. High. Educ. Policy Manag. 25(2), 109-118. |
| [53] | Mohammed A.M.S., Hirai Y., 2021a. Utilising urban gamification for sustainable crime prevention in public spaces: a citizen participation model for designing against vandalism. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 16(1), 25-38. |
| [54] | Mohammed A.M.S., Hirai Y., 2021b. Using urban gamification to promote citizen participation for designing out graffiti in public spaces. MSc Thesis. Fukuoka: Kyushu University. |
| [55] | Mohammed A.M.S., Ukai T., 2021. The impact of university campuses on city urbanization: a syntactic and socio-spatial analysis of Kyushu university campuses in Japan. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning. 16(7), 1209-1220. |
| [56] | Molotch H., 1976. The city as a growth machine: toward a political economy of place. Am. J. Sociol. 82(2), 309-332. |
| [57] | Moos M., Revington N., Wilkin T., et al., 2019. The knowledge economy city: gentrification, studentification and youthification, and their connections to universities. Urban Stud. 56(6), 1075-1092. |
| [58] | Morisson N., Szumilo N., 2019. Universities’ global research ambitions and their localised effects. Land Use Pol. 85, 290-301. |
| [59] | Moscati R., Regini M., Rostan M., 2010. Torri D’avorio in Franturmi? : Dove Vanno le Universita? Europee (1st ed.). Bologna: Il Mulino, 23-55 (in Italian). |
| [60] | Munro M., Turok I., Livingston M., 2009. Students in cities: a preliminary analysis of their patterns and effects. Environ. Plan. A. 41(8), 1805-1825. |
| [61] | Muslim M.H., Karim H.A., Abdullah I.C., et al., 2013. Students’ perception of residential satisfaction in the level of off-campus environment. Procedia Soc. Behav. Sci. 105, 684-696. |
| [62] | Namvar N., Elnokaly A., Mills G., 2019. The role of university in city transformation. In: Proceedings of the 12th Space Syntax Symposium. Beijing: Beijing JiaoTong University, 1-17. |
| [63] | Ngo L.M., Trinh T.A., 2016. A university-city complex, a model for sustainable development: a case study in Vietnam. Procedia Eng. 142, 92-99. |
| [64] | Nye N., 1999. Building Higher Education Community Development Corporation Partnerships. [2021-04-01]. https://community-wealth.org/sites/clone.community-wealth.org/files/downloads/tool-HUD-CED-and-univ.pdf. |
| [65] | Oh D.Y., 2022. The university and East Asian cities: the variegated origins of urban universities in colonial Seoul and Singapore. J. Urban Hist. 48(2), 336-360. |
| [66] | Perry D.C., Wiewel W., 2005. The University as Urban Developer:Case Studies and Analysis (1st ed.). New York: Routledge, 303-326. |
| [67] | Perry D.C., Wiewel W., Menendez L., 2009. The university’s role in urban development: from enclave to anchor institution. [2021-05-23]. https://www.lincolninst.edu/sites/default/files/pubfiles/1647_862_article_1.pdf. |
| [68] | Piazza R., 2018. Creating learning opportunities for the cities:community engagement and third mission in the University of Catania. In: James, J., Preece, J., Valdés-Cotera, R., (eds.). Entrepreneurial Learning City Regions. Cham: Springer, 225-247. |
| [69] | Ransom J., 2018. The city as a focus for university internationalisation: four European examples. Compare. 48(4), 665-669. |
| [70] | Robertson S., 2013. Campus, city, networks and nation: student-migrant activism as socio-spatial experience in Melbourne, Australia. Int. J. Urban Reg. Res. 37(3), 972-988. |
| [71] | Rösch C., Bräutigam K.R., Kopfmüller J., et al., 2017. Indicator system for the sustainability assessment of the German energy system and its transition. Energy Sustain. and Soc. 7, 1, doi: 10.1186/s13705-016-0103-y. |
| [72] | Rugg J., Rhodes D., Jones A., 2000. The Nature and Impact of Student Demand on Housing Markets. York: York Publishing Services, 32-35. |
| [73] | Russo A.P., van den Berg L., Lavanga M., 2007. Toward a sustainable relationship between city and university: a stakeholdership approach. J. Plan. Educ. Res. 27(2), 199-216. |
| [74] | Selwyn N., 2008. “High-jinks” and “minor mischief”: a study of undergraduate students as perpetrators of crime. Stud. High. Educ. 33(1), 1-16. |
| [75] | Soares I., Yamu C., Weitkamp G., 2020. The relationship between the spatial configuration and the fourth sustainable dimension creativity in university campuses: the case study of Zernike Campus, Groningen, the Netherlands. Sustainability. 12(21), 9263, doi: 10.3390/su12219263. |
| [76] | Stoker R.P., Stone C.N., Horak M., 2015. Contending with structural inequality in a new era. In: Stone, C., Stoker, R., Betancur, J., et al., (eds.). Urban Neighborhoods in A New Era:Revitalization Politics in the Post-Industrial City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 227-247. |
| [77] | Sun C., Cheng J.Q., Lin A.W., et al., 2018. Gated university campus and its implications for socio-spatial inequality: evidence from students’ accessibility to local public transport. Habitat Int. 80, 11-27. |
| [78] | Thapa A., Cohen J., Guffey S., et al., 2013. A review of school climate research. Rev. Educ. Res. 83(3), 357-385. |
| [79] | Theodora Y.C., 2008. An approach to the effects of Greek regional universities on the development of the country regions. In: Coccossis, H., Psycharis, Y., (eds.) Regional Analysis and Policy:the Greek Experience. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag, 249-270. |
| [80] | van den Berg, L., Pol. P.M.J., van Winden, W., 2005. European Cities in the Knowledge Economy: The cases of Amsterdam, Dortmund, Eindhoven, Helsinki, Manchester, Munich, Münster, Rotterdam and Zaragoza (1st ed.). London: Routledge, 319-356. |
| [81] | van Geenhuizen M., Soetanto D.P., 2012. Open innovation among university spin-off firms: what is in it for them, and what can cities do? Innov. Eur. J. Soc. Sci. Res. 25(2), 191-207. |
| [82] | Veltz P., 2001. City and university in the knowledge age. Eur. J. Eng. Educ. 26(1), 53-62. |
| [83] | Verstaevel N., Boes J., Gleizes M.P., 2017. From Smart Campus to Smart Cities Issues of the Smart Revolution. IEEE SmartWorld, Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing, Advanced & Trusted Computed, Scalable Computing & Communications, Cloud & Big Data Computing, Internet of People and Smart City Innovation (SmartWorld/SCALCOM/UIC/ATC/CBDCom/IOP/SCI). San Francisco: IEEE, 16. |
| [84] | Wallace S.A., 2000. From campus to city: university museums in Australia. Mus. Int. 52(3), 32-37. |
| [85] | Weisburd D., Groff E.R., Yang S., 2012. The Criminology of Place:Street Segments and Our Understanding of the Crime Problem. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 166-194. |
| [86] | Yang T.R., 2015. Green campus as a pilot site towards low-carbon city:enlightenment from Cornell climate action plan. In: Feng, S., Huang, W., Wang, J., (eds.). Low-carbon City and New-type Urbanization. Environmental Science and Engineering. Berlin and Heidelberg: Springer, 211-223. |
| [87] | Yaylali-Yildiz B., Spierings B., Çil E., 2022. The spatial configuration and publicness of the university campus: interaction, discovery, and display on De Uithof in Utrecht. Urban Des. Int. 27, 80-94. |
| [88] | Yu L., 2014. Low carbon eco-city: new approach for Chinese urbanisation. Habitat Int. 44, 102-110. |
| [89] | Yu S.L., Bryant M., Messmer E., et al., 2018. “Is there a bubble to burst?”-college students’ spatial perception of campus and the city, a case study of Rhodes college in Memphis, TN. Urban Geogr. 39(1), 1-29. |
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
REGSUS Wechat
新公网安备 65010402001202号